Born in the city of Łódź in Russian Poland in 1894, Arthur Szyk would become one of the outstanding Jewish painters and illustrators of the 20th century. Seeing himself as a “fighting artist,” Szyk used his work to call attention to the dangers faced by European Jewry in the 1930s and 40s, the evils of Nazism, and the Zionist struggle for Jewish independence. The Times of London called his lavishly illustrated 1940 Haggadah “among the most beautiful of books that the hand of man has ever produced.” Irvin Ungar discusses Szyk’s life and the meaning of his art. (Video, 68 minutes.)

In a statement released on social media on Monday, the president-elect declared that if the hostages held by Hamas are not released before his inauguration, “there will be all hell to pay” for those who “perpetrated these atrocities against humanity.” But will Hamas take such a threat seriously? And, even if Donald Trump decides to convert his words into actions after taking office, exactly what steps could he take? Ron Ben-Yishai writes:

While Trump lacks direct military options against Hamas—given Israel’s ongoing actions—he holds three powerful levers to pressure the group into showing some flexibility on the hostage deal or to punish it if it resists after his inauguration. The first lever targets Hamas’s finances, focusing on its ability to fund activities after the fighting ends. This extends beyond Gaza to Lebanon and other global hubs where Hamas derives strength. . . . Additionally, Trump could pressure Qatar to cut off its generous funding and donations to the Islamist organization.

The other levers are also financial rather than military: increasing sanctions on Iran to force it to pressure Hamas, and withholding aid for the reconstruction of Gaza until the hostages are released. In Ben-Yishai’s view, “Trump’s statement undoubtedly represents a positive development and could accelerate the process toward a hostage-release agreement.”