As part of excavations of the caves in the Judean Desert—including those in which the Dead Sea Scrolls were famously found—archaeologists have uncovered a box of coins from the early 2nd century BCE, brought there by Jews fleeing the persecution of the Seleucid King Antiochus IV Epiphanes. The same persecution eventually prompted the uprising whose success the upcoming holiday of Hanukkah celebrates. Amanda Borschel-Dan writes:
As told in 1Maccabees 2:29, in the period prior to the Maccabean revolt, righteous men were exhorted to leave everything and flee to the desert. “At that time, many who sought righteousness and justice went to live in the desert.” Subsequently, while upholding the laws of Shabbat, they were slaughtered by the king’s forces.
During rescue excavations in May, a small, incredibly preserved wooden box holding fifteen silver tetradrachma coins was discovered in a cave in the Darageh Stream Nature Reserve. The coins were minted by Ptolemy VI, king of Egypt, and date to up to 170 BCE, which is just before Antiochus IV Epiphanes began handing down harsh measures against Jews’ freedom of worship. According to Eitan Klein of the Israel Antiquities Authority, which announced the find on Tuesday, the hoard was stashed by a fleeing Jew, who presumably subsequently died in the violence leading up to the Maccabean revolt.
At that time, the caves were very difficult to reach, which also shows the desperation [of the coins’ owner], said Klein. “Today, we can take a jeep. In that period, there was a path to the Dead Sea, but it was flanked by many unfriendly tribes and it was dangerous to walk in the middle of the desert.”
But the presumed Hasmonean supporters were not the only rebels to have used these caves. In the early 1950s, the French priest-cum-archaeologist Roland de Vaux discovered a cache of letters in a cave—one of which was penned by the leader of the 132–136 CE revolt Simon Bar-Kokhba.
Read more on Times of Israel: https://www.timesofisrael.com/2200-year-old-coin-hoard-gives-hard-proof-of-book-of-maccabees-say-archaeologists/